Rheumatology一刊今日在线发布了一项新研究，摄入过多钠的吸烟者患上风湿性关节炎的几率要高出一倍多。

最近动物和人类细胞研究的成果显示摄入较多钠与患上风湿性关节炎之间存在联系。瑞典于默奥大学(Umeå University)风湿病学公共健康和临床医学系的Börn Sundström及其同事采用瑞典西博籐省干预项目(Västerbotten Intervention Programme)数据，进行了巢式病例对照研究，以验证是否能产生类似结论。研究对386名对象进行观察，研究对象在饮食习惯列入社区干预项目平均7.7年后开始风湿性关节炎症状。作为对比，研究人员还从相同的数据库中挑出1886个匹配控制样本进行了联合分析。

原文标题：Interaction between dietary sodium and smoking increases the risk for rheumatoid arthritis: results from a nested case–control study

原文链接：http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/09/02/rheumatology.keu330.full

作者：Björn Sundström、Ingegerd Johansson、Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist

Abstract

Objective. Recent studies in animal models and on human cells have shown an effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on Th17 cells promoting inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of NaCl intake on the risk of development of RA.

Methods. A nested case–control study was performed using population-based prospective data from the Västerbotten Intervention Programme. The study included 386 individuals who had stated their dietary habits as part of a community intervention programme a median of 7.7 years before the onset of symptoms of RA. For comparison, 1886 matched controls were identified from the same database and co-analysed.

Results. No significant association was found between sodium intake and the development of RA when all of the individuals were included. In analyses stratified for smoking status at the time of the examination, sodium intake more than doubled the risk for RA among smokers [odds ratio (OR) 2.26 (95% CI 1.06, 4.81)]. This was not observed among non-smokers. Additive interaction analysis of smoking and cases with the highest tertile of sodium intake revealed that 54% of the increased risk of developing RA from these exposures was due to interaction between them [attributable proportion 0.54 (95% CI 0.26, 0.82)]. The risk was further increased for the development of anti-CCP-positive and/or HLA shared epitope–positive RA.

Conclusion. Although we were unable to confirm our stated hypothesis, our results that high sodium consumption among smokers was associated with the risk of RA may provide new insights into the impact of smoking in RA development.