摘要：目的：由于目前针对狼疮患者死亡原因的数据极少，此研究旨在评估系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者早期死亡(ED)和晚期死亡(LD)的原因，并确定已死亡的SLE患者的临床特征。方法：我们对在2002年至2011年期间死亡的且曾经在萨格勒布大学医院中心临床免疫学和风湿病科定期随访的狼疮患者进行研究分析。根据患病时间将患者分组为早期死亡组和晚期死亡组，并根据人口统计学特征、分类标准、器官损伤和死亡原因进行比较。结果：我们总共筛选出90名患者(其中68名女性)，他们平均死亡年龄为58±15岁。最常见的死亡原因类别是心血管疾病(40%)，其次是感染(33%)、活动性SLE(29%)和恶性肿瘤(17%)。除卒中外(卒中仅仅导致SLE诊断后约10年的死亡)，早期死亡和晚期死亡的原因之间没有显着差异。在90名患者中只有41人的死亡诊断中报告了SLE。结论：虽然卒中可发生在SLE的早期和晚期，但主要与晚期死亡相关。鉴于已死亡SLE患者的死亡证明中记录的SLE比例较低，因此可能需要进一步的详细记录来评估SLE对死亡率的真实影响。

        附原文:Aim To assess the causes of early death (ED) and late death (LD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and determine the features of deceased SLE patients followed-up in a single Croatian tertiary hospital center, because little if any data on causes of death(CODs) in SLE patients are available for Croatia.MethodWe identified SLE patients regularly followed-up at the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, who died from 2002 to 2011. Death was ascertained by matching our institutional records with the Croatian National Death Database. Patients were grouped according to their disease duration to ED and LD and compared by demographic characteristics, classification criteria, organ damage, and CODs.ResultsWe identified 90 patients (68 women), who died at the age of 58 ± 15 years. The most frequent COD category was cardiovascular diseases (40%), followed by infections (33%), active SLE (29%), and malignancies (17%). No significant difference was found between the frequencies of causes of ED and LD, except for stroke, which caused only LD≥10 years after the diagnosis. SLE was reported in death certificates of only 41 of 90 patients.ConclusionAlthough stroke occurred both in the early and late disease course, it was primarily associated with LD. Given the low proportion of SLE recorded in death certificates of deceased SLE patients, matching of institutional and vital statistics records may be required to assess the true impact of SLE on mortality.

        引自：Ivan Padjen, MislavCerovecDisease characteristics and causes of early and late death in a group of Croatian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus deceased over a 10-year periodCroat Med J. 2018;59:3-12