加拿大学者在高危心血管疾病人群中探索了饮食因素与认知下降的关系，结果表明，高质量饮食与认知下降风险减少有关。研究者指出，改善饮食质量是一项减少全球认知下降负担重要的潜在目标。相关论文5月6日在线发表于《神经病学》(Neurology)杂志。

        研究者们记录了27860例受试者的基线饮食和简易精神状态量表情况，这些受试者是来自于两项国际平行研究(ONTARGET和TRANSCEND研究)。利用改良替代健康饮食指数评估饮食质量，用Cox比例风险模型确定饮食质量和简易精神状态量表评分≥3分风险的相关性，校正协变量后，记录危险比(HR)。

        结果显示，在56个月的随访期间，共发生了4699例认知下降。在那些饮食最健康的受试者中，研究者发现其认知下降风险最低。无论基线认知水平如何，较低的认知下降风险仍保持一致。

        参考文献：Andrew Smyth,et al. Published online before print May 6, 2015, doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001638 Neurology 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001638

Healthy eating and reduced risk of cognitive decline
A cohort from 40 countries
1. Andrew Smyth, MMedSc*,
2. Mahshid Dehghan, PhD*,
3. Martin O'Donnell, PhD,
4. Craig Anderson, MD,
5. Koon Teo, MD,
6. Peggy Gao, MSc,
7. Peter Sleight, DM,
8. Gilles Dagenais, MD,
9. Jeffrey L. Probstfield, MD,
10. Andrew Mente, PhD and
11. Salim Yusuf, DPhil
12. On behalf of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND Investigators
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1. Published online before print May 6, 2015, doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001638Neurology 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001638
ABSTRACT
Objective: We sought to determine the association of dietary factors and risk of cognitive decline in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Baseline dietary intake and measures of the Mini-Mental State Examination were recorded in 27,860 men and women who were enrolled in 2 international parallel trials of the ONTARGET (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial) and TRANSCEND (Telmisartan Randomised Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease) studies. We measured diet quality using the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the association between diet quality and risk of ≥3-point decline in Mini-Mental State Examination score, and reported as hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals with adjustment for covariates.
Results: During 56 months of follow-up, 4,699 cases of cognitive decline occurred. We observed lower risk of cognitive decline among those in the healthiest dietary quintile of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index compared with lowest quintile (hazard ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.86, Q5 vs Q1). Lower risk of cognitive decline was consistent regardless of baseline cognitive level.
Conclusion: We found that higher diet quality was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline. Improved diet quality represents an important potential target for reducing the global burden of cognitive decline.