据哥伦比亚新闻网(CBSNews)网站报道，近期美国食品药品管理局(FDA)发布警告称，市场各类酒精洗手液中含甲醇的产品越来越多，这种有毒成分可能透皮吸收，如果直接吞咽洗手液可致命。目前，已经召回及建议召回的消毒剂名单已经扩大到59种。

疫情期间，FDA提醒每个人应经常用肥皂和水洗手至少20秒钟，尤其是去洗手间后、吃饭前，以及咳嗽、打喷嚏或擤鼻涕后。如果肥皂和水不容易得到，可使用乙醇含量60%以上的酒精洗手液快速消毒。

近期，因幼儿意外摄入洗手液，或青少年及成年人将其作为酒精替代品的饮用的甲醇中毒事件与日上升，包括失明、住院以及死亡等。FDA称，甲醇不是洗手液中应当含有的成分，如果含有这种物质，那么该洗手液将不得使用。

接触过含甲醇的洗手液并出现症状的消费者应立即寻求治疗，以逆转甲醇中毒的毒性效应。大量接触甲醇会导致恶心、呕吐、头痛、视力模糊、永久性失明、癫痫发作、昏迷、神经系统永久性损伤或死亡。外用洗手液的人有甲醇中毒的风险，但意外摄入或饮用的中毒风险最大。

当然，无论洗手液是否含有甲醇，饮用洗手液均存在安全风险，千万不可饮用。

FDA补充，以下几类洗手液同样属于不合格产品：

某些洗手液含乙醇或异丙醇量不符合要求;

洗手液含有虚假和误导性未经证实的宣传语，比如可以提供长期保护(24小时);

未经FDA批准，但标明“已获得FDA批准”的产品;

包装成饮料、糖果或酒瓶的产品，由于其外观，很可能导致意外摄入。儿童接触这类产品的风险尤其大，摄入少量的洗手液可能对他们造成致命伤害。

FDA敦促消费者停止使用不合格的洗手液，将其丢弃在危险废物容器中，而不要直接冲入下水道。

以下是59种洗手液名单：

4E Global's Blumen Clear Advanced Hand Sanitizer with 70% Alcohol

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer Clear Ethyl Alcohol 70%

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer Clear

4E Global's Klar and Danver Instant Hand Sanitizer (labeled with Greenbrier International Inc.)

4E Global's Modesa Instant Hand Sanitizer Moisturizers and Vitamin E

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Hand Sanitizer Aloe

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer Lavender

4E Global's Blumen Clear Lear Advanced Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Blumen Clear Advanced Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's The Honeykeeper Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Hand Sanitizer Clear

4E Global's Blumen Clear Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Blumen Clear Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer Aloe

4E Global's Blumen Clear Advanced Instant Hand Sanitizer Lavender

4E Global's Blumen Aloe Advanced Hand Sanitizer， with 70 Alcohol

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Hand Sanitizer Lavender， with 70% alcohol

4E Global's Blumen Advanced Hand Sanitizer Aloe， with 70% alcohol

4E Global's Blumen Antibacterial Fresh Citrus Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Blumen Hand Sanitizer Fresh Citrus

4E Global's Klar and Danver Instant Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Hello Kitty by Sanrio Hand Sanitizer

4E Global's Assured Instant Hand Sanitizer (Vitamin E and Aloe)

4E Global's Assured Instant Hand Sanitizer (Aloe and Moisturizers)

4E Global's Assured Instant Hand Sanitizer Vitamin E and Aloe

4E Global's Assured Instant Hand Sanitizer Aloe and Moisturizers

4E Global's Blumen Instant Hand Sanitizer Fragrance Free

4E Global's Blumen Instant Hand Sanitizer Aloe Vera

4E Global's Assured Aloe

AAA Cosmetica's bio aaa Advance Hand Sanitizer

AAA Cosmetica's LumiSkin Advance Hand Sanitizer 4 oz

AAA Cosmetica's LumiSkin Advance Hand Sanitizer 16 oz

AAA Cosmetica's QualitaMed Hand Sanitizer

DDI Multinacional's Earths Amenities Instant Unscented Hand Sanitizer with Aloe Vera Advanced

DDI Multinacional's Hand Sanitizer Agavespa Skincare

DDI Multinacional's Vidanos Easy Cleaning Rentals Hand Sanitizer Agavespa Skincare

Eskbiochem's All-Clean Hand Sanitizer

Eskbiochem's Esk Biochem Hand Sanitizer

Eskbiochem's Lavar 70 Gel Hand Sanitizer

Eskbiochem's The Good Gel Antibacterial Gel Hand Sanitizer

Eskbiochem's CleanCare NoGerm Advanced Hand Sanitizer 80% Alcohol

Eskbiochem's CleanCare NoGerm Advanced Hand Sanitizer 75% Alcohol

Eskbiochem's CleanCare NoGerm Advanced Hand Sanitizer 80% Alcohol

Eskbiochem's Saniderm Advanced Hand Sanitizer

Grupo Insoma's Hand sanitizer Gel Unscented 70% Alcohol

Limpo Quimicos' Andy's Best

Limpo Quimicos' Andy's

Limpo Quimicos' Gelclor

Limpo Quimicos' NeoNatural

Limpo Quimicos' Plus Advanced

Liqesa Exportacion or Liq-E-S.A.'s Optimus Lubricants Instant Hand Sanitizer

Maquiladora Miniara's Shine and Clean Hand Sanitizer

Maquiladora Miniara's Selecto Hand Sanitizer

Mystic International's Mystic Shield Protection hand sanitizer

Soluciones Cosmeticas' Bersih Hand Sanitizer Gel Fragrance Free

Soluciones Cosmeticas' Antiseptic Alcohol 70% Topical Solution hand sanitizer

Soluciones Cosmeticas' Hand sanitizer (labeled with Wet Look Janitorial and Gardening Corp.)

Tropicosmeticos' Britz Hand Sanitizer Ethyl Alcohol 70%

Yara Elena De La Garza Perez Nieto's Daesi hand sanitizer

参考资料：

1. cbsnews

Nearly 60 hand sanitizer brands are potentially toxic，FDAwarns

https：//www.cbsnews.com/news/toxic-hand-sanitizer-60-brands-FDA-warnings/

2.FDA

FDAUpdates on Hand Sanitizers with Methanol

https：//www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/FDA-updates-hand-sanitizers-methanol