当应用于膝关节清创缺损时,凝胶渗入软骨下微细裂隙,聚集微细裂隙释放的血液,并形成血凝块,填补大部分的骨缺损。作者对于15例有2~4 cm2症状性股骨内侧髁软骨缺损的患者采用光聚合凝胶结合微骨折术治疗,3例有相似缺损的患者接受标准的微骨折手术。
约翰·霍普金斯大学的Blanka Sharma博士及其同事在1月9 日的《科学转化医学》(Science Translational Medicine)上报告的一项小型初步试验显示,一种光固化水凝胶结合微骨折术的治疗方式可促进膝关节的软骨修复。
当应用于膝关节清创缺损时,凝胶渗入软骨下微细裂隙,聚集微细裂隙释放的血液,并形成血凝块,填补大部分的骨缺损。与完全由微骨折术形成的血凝块相比,凝胶血凝块的体积更大,提示“可能在缺损部位容留更多的蛋白和细胞......进一步强化可以促进新组织生长的生物因素"。
作者对于15例有2~4 cm2症状性股骨内侧髁软骨缺损的患者采用光聚合凝胶结合微骨折术治疗,3例有相似缺损的患者接受标准的微骨折手术。这项研究比较了两组术后6个月期间的愈合、功能和疼痛状况(Sci. Trans. Med. 2013;5:167ra6)。术后3个月,研究组MRI扫描显示缺损处形成血块物质、水凝胶和滑液组成的一种复合物。6个月时,研究组缺损处平均有86%的新组织填充,微细裂隙手术组仅有平均64%缺损被填充,具有统计学差异。研究组多数患者(14例中的12例)MRI评估的缺损填充超过75%,而3例对照患者中仅有1例MRI评估的缺损填充超过75%。
多数患者接受水凝胶治疗的患者还伴有显著的疼痛频率和严重程度降低,最明显的改善发生于术后最初的3个月。这一组有1例患者在6个月时仍有疼痛。在术后最初3个月,对照组患者发生相似的疼痛频率和严重程度显著降低。
6个月时,对照组有1例患者仍有持续的疼痛改善,这例患者的缺损填充数值也较高(84%),而另外2例患者的填充数值均低于75%,作者指出。6个月时,两组疼痛频率评分无显著差异。疼痛严重程度评分也相似。并且,两组的膝关节功能也得到相似的改善。
研究者总结认为,与微骨折手术相比,水凝胶治疗可促进膝关节的软骨修复。
这项研究是由美国国立卫生研究院和关节炎基金会资助的。作者披露无相关利益冲突。
By: MICHELE G. SULLIVAN, Internal Medicine News Digital Network
A light-cured hydrogel combined with microfracture encouraged cartilage repair in knee joints and was associated with reduced pain, a small pilot trial has found.
When applied to a debrided defect in a knee joint, the gel seeped into subchondral microfracture, trapping blood released by microfracture and forming a clot that filled most of the bone defect. Compared with clots formed solely by microfracture, the gel-clot was larger in volume, suggesting that it "may be able to retain more proteins and cells in the defect space ... further augmenting the biological factors that can promote new tissue growth," Blanka Sharma, Ph.D., of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and her colleagues wrote Jan. 9 in Science Translational Medicine.
The authors employed the light-polymerized gel with microfracture in 15 patients with a 2-4 cm2 symptomatic cartilage defect on the medial femoral condyle; three patients with similar defects underwent standard microfracture surgery. The study compared healing, function, and pain over a 6-month postoperative period (Sci. Trans. Med. 2013;5:167ra6).
At 3 months after surgery, MRI scanning in the investigational group showed a combination of clot material, hydrogel, and synovial fluid in the defect. By 6 months, new tissue filled an average of 86% of the defect in the investigational group, compared with an average defect fill of 64% in the microfracture-only group – a significant difference.
Most patients in the investigational group evaluated by MRI (12 of 14) had more than a 75% defect filling, compared with 1 of the 3 control patients.
Most patients who received the hydrogel also experienced significant reductions in pain frequency and severity, with the biggest improvements occurring in the first 3 months after surgery. One patient in this group continued to have pain at 6 months. The probable cause of pain was a misalignment in the treated knee, since the defect was more than 75% filled with new tissue, the authors said.
Control patients experienced similar significant reductions in pain frequency and severity during the first 3 months after surgery. By 6 months, one patient in the group continued to experience improvements in pain; this person "also had a high defect fill (84%), whereas the other two patients had fill values less than 75%," the authors noted.
At 6 months, pain frequency scores were not significantly different between the two groups. There were similar findings in pain severity scores. Knee function improved similarly in both groups.
The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Arthritis Foundation. None of the authors had any financial disclosures.
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