将近四分之三的中国成年人的心血管处于亚健康。这是伴随着不良的饮食习惯和肥胖人群的增多，加上持续走高的吸烟人群。这个结果是根据上海交通大学一群科研人员发表在Journal of the American College of Cardiology上的最新成果得到的。

　　2010年中国非传染性疾病监测协会从具有全国代表性的超过96000个男性和女性中采集心血管健康数据。据调查结果得出估计，只有0.2％的中国男性和女性享受“理想”的心血管健康（理想的健康状态是根据美国心脏协会提出的7大健康的行为/健康因素而定义）。

　　考虑到目前，心脑血管疾病已经称为中国主要死因。交大的研究人员开始评估中国成年人当前心血管健康的状态。研究者将无心血管疾病史的参与者按健康行为习惯及身体条件按理想水平，中间水平，和较差水平分类。这其中包括：四个健康行为习惯——吸烟状况；体重指数（BMI）；锻炼活动；饮食；三个健康身体因素——未处理/治疗过的总胆固醇水平；未经治疗过的血压水平；和未经服药的空腹血糖水平。

　　研究人员发现，接受调查的更多的中国女性比男性有理想的心血管健康，百分比分别为0.4％和0.1％。拥有四个理想行为习惯的女性的百分比男性也略高：分别是1％对0.4％。同样，22.3％的女性，相比于5%的男性拥有四个理想的健康因素。在这项研究中，体重指数被考虑为行为习惯，而吸烟状况被考虑既是行为也是健康的因素。

　　总之，43.4％的男性被报告为从不吸烟或已戒烟超过12个月，相比女性97.3%的比例。女人与男性相比，也更可能有理想的血压和血糖水平。七个指标中，坚持健康的饮食习惯是所有心血管健康指标中最不常见的，拥有者仅占1.6％，在男性和女性之间都相似。

　　研究人员还之处中国188bet在线平台网址 的患病率比过去十年增加了一倍多，而吸烟率，主要是男性，仍然很高。

　　研究人员表示：“中国是世界上人口最多的国家。改变了中国人群的患病率会显著影响全球疾病负担。获得国家心血管健康数据，以及随着时间的推移更新追踪其变化，对于中国是至关重要的。”

　　doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.12.044

　　PMC:

　　PMID:

　　Status of Cardiovascular Health in Chinese Adults

　　Yufang Bi, MD, PhD; Yong Jiang, PhD; Jiang He, MD, PhD; Yu Xu, PhD; Limin Wang, PhD; Min Xu, PhD; Mei Zhang, MS; Yichong Li, MS; Tiange Wang, PhD; Meng Dai, BS; Jieli Lu, MD, PhD; Mian Li, PhD; Chung-Shiuan Chen, MS; Shenghan Lai, MD, MPH; Weiqing Wang, MD, PhD; Linhong Wang, PhD; Guang Ning, MD, PhD

　　Abstract

　　Background

　　Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in China.

　　Objectives

　　The goal of this study was to evaluate the current status of cardiovascular health in Chinese adults.

　　Methods

　　Cardiovascular health data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 96,121 Chinese adults age ≥20 years in 2010. Ideal cardiovascular health was defined according to the American Heart Association’s 2020 Strategic Impact Goals as follows: the simultaneous presence of 4 favorable health behaviors (ideal smoking status, ideal body mass index, physical activity at goal, and healthy dietary habits) and 4 favorable health factors (ideal smoking status, untreated total cholesterol <200 mg/dl, untreated blood pressure <120/<80 mm Hg, and untreated fasting plasma glucose <100 mg/dl) in the absence of a history of cardiovascular disease.

　　Results

　　The estimated percentage of ideal cardiovascular health was 0.2% in the general adult population in China (0.1% in men and 0.4% in women). An estimated 0.7% (0.4% in men and 1.0% in women) of Chinese adults had all 4 ideal health behaviors, and 13.5% (5.0% in men and 22.3% in women) had all 4 ideal health factors. Men most frequently had 3 to 4 ideal components, and women most commonly had 4 to 5 ideal components of the 7 cardiovascular health metrics. Ideal diet (1.6%) was the least common among all cardiovascular health metrics. Female sex and younger age were the 2 most common protective factors for cardiovascular health in Chinese adults.

　　Conclusions

　　The percentage of ideal cardiovascular health in Chinese adults is extremely low. Both population-wide and high-risk strategies should be implemented with great effort to promote cardiovascular health in China.